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SKU Rationalization for Japanese Companies Expanding into the U.S.

Is your product range overwhelming U.S. operations? Streamline offerings and reduce costs with SKU rationalization to better meet U.S. customer needs.

As Japanese companies seek to expand into the U.S. market, understanding the complexities of SKU rationalization is essential for ensuring long-term success. While the U.S. market offers significant opportunities, it also presents challenges, including a diverse consumer base, varying regional demands, and differences in operational practices.

If not properly managed, these factors can result in excessive product variety, operational inefficiencies, and increased costs. SKU rationalization enables companies to streamline their product offerings and enhance process efficiency. It ensures they deliver the most suitable products at competitive prices, based on the preferences and needs of U.S. consumers.

For Japanese companies, effective SKU rationalization requires a deep understanding of costing data, essential for making informed decisions about which products to retain, optimize, or discontinue in the U.S. market. In this context, accurate costing data helps companies navigate the complexities of different customer expectations, manufacturing processes, and logistics requirements in the U.S., all while aligning with their core business objectives.

In this article, we’ll walk you through how Japanese companies can make the most of SKU rationalization by focusing on the importance of accurate costing data. With the right approach, you’ll be able to streamline your product offerings, reduce unnecessary costs, and better meet the needs of U.S. customers—all while making smarter decisions for your business’s growth in this exciting new market. SKU rationalization process while expanding into the U.S. market.

1. Understanding BOM and Process Router Accuracy
For Japanese companies entering the U.S. market, ensuring the accuracy of the Bill of Materials (BOM) and process routers is essential for determining the actual product costs. BOMs list the raw materials and components needed for production, while process routers detail the steps involved in manufacturing the product. Any inaccuracies in these documents can result in incorrect cost evaluations, especially when setting up new manufacturing facilities in the U.S. or transitioning to different local suppliers.

When transitioning from Japan-based manufacturing to U.S.-based production, material costs may vary due to differences in local suppliers, tariffs, and transportation fees. Japanese companies must ensure that BOMs account for these variations, especially when sourcing materials from U.S. suppliers or third-party manufacturers. Manufacturing processes that work well in Japan may not translate seamlessly to the U.S. due to differences in labor costs, equipment, and regulations. Process routers should be customized for the U.S. environment, taking into account factors such as labor availability and local compliance requirements (e.g., OSHA standards), which can affect cycle times, productivity, and overall costs. As companies enter the U.S. market, they must adjust to a potentially more complex and fragmented supply chain, which could increase transportation and logistics costs. Accurate Bills of Materials (BOMs) should incorporate these costs to ensure that products are priced correctly for the U.S. market.

Ensuring BOM and process router accuracy in the context of U.S. manufacturing helps avoid over- or underestimating product costs, especially as companies transition from the Japanese to the U.S. market.

Many businesses overlook the hidden costs of too many SKUs, leading to inefficiencies and poor decisions – it's the 'more products, more problems' scenario.

2. Labor Cost Allocation and Variability
Labor costs play a crucial role in SKU rationalization, especially for Japanese companies entering the U.S. labor markets. These costs can differ substantially depending on the region, the specific skill set required, and whether the company utilizes unionized labor or contract workers.

Labor costs vary widely across different U.S. regions. For instance, wages for manufacturing workers in states like California, New York, or Washington, D.C., are generally higher than those in rural areas of the Midwest or South. Japanese companies should consider these regional differences when calculating labor costs for specific SKUs. Additionally, certain products may require specialized labor, leading to higher wages and training expenses. Understanding how specialized labor needs affect SKU costing is crucial for making informed decisions during SKU rationalization.

Seasonal demand fluctuations in the U.S. market may necessitate additional overtime or temporary labor. The impact of overtime costs, particularly during peak periods, must be accurately considered when calculating the true cost of SKUs. Failing to include overtime or extra labor costs for seasonal products could lead Japanese companies to miscalculate profitability. Moreover, the U.S. labor environment is influenced by union contracts and government regulations, which can further affect labor costs. Japanese companies need to factor in union wage premiums, benefits, and compliance with U.S. labor laws (such as minimum wage requirements and overtime regulations) when assessing labor costs for their products.

Accurate allocation of labor costs helps Japanese companies grasp the true cost of producing each SKU in the U.S., enabling them to make better-informed decisions about which products to retain or discontinue based on profitability.

3. Allocating Overhead Costs
Overhead costs represent a significant portion of total product costs. These costs include utilities, facilities, depreciation, and administrative overhead, which can be complex to allocate across products—especially as Japanese companies enter the U.S. market and set up new manufacturing and distribution operations.

When entering the U.S. market, Japanese companies may need to invest in new facilities or modify existing ones. This involves costs related to maintaining factories, warehouses, or distribution centers in the U.S., as well as machinery depreciation. These expenses should be incorporated into the overall SKU costing process to accurately assess the true cost of a product. Additionally, U.S. customers expect fast and affordable delivery, which can add complexity and increase logistics costs.

Distribution networks in the U.S. tend to be more fragmented, resulting in higher transportation costs. For companies importing goods from Japan, tariffs and shipping expenses (such as freight) must be factored into product pricing. Additionally, the U.S. has specific regulations concerning manufacturing, safety, and environmental standards, which can incur extra administrative costs. These costs should be included in the overall overhead of producing goods for the U.S. market. Properly allocating these overhead expenses will help Japanese companies gain a clearer understanding of the total cost structure for their SKUs in the U.S. and ensure their pricing strategies align with operational realities.

Too many SKUs is like a kitchen overrun with cooks—each new product just adds to the chaos, driving up costs without improving results.

4. Evaluating Cost to Serve
In the U.S., the customer base is often diverse, with varying expectations regarding product features, price points, and delivery timelines. Each channel, whether retail, direct-to-consumer, or wholesale, comes with its own set of costs. Similarly, different customers will impose distinct logistical and service requirements.

The sales channels in the U.S. market have specific requirements that affect product costs. Retailers may demand trade promotions, volume discounts, or specific packaging requirements. E-commerce, on the other hand, may involve higher customer service costs, returns management, and fulfillment expenses. U.S. customers may also expect faster delivery or more customized services. This may include increased shipping expenses, additional customer support requirements, or the need for specialized packaging. The cost of serving each U.S. customer, especially those located in different regions, can be substantial. Additionally, regional price sensitivity must be taken into account, as customers in various areas of the U.S. may have different price sensitivities. Companies need to factor in local market conditions, competition, and customers’ purchasing power when deciding whether to continue offering specific SKUs in the U.S.

By understanding the total cost of serving various U.S. customers and channels, Japanese companies can make more informed decisions about which SKUs to pursue in the U.S. market and which ones to eliminate, helping to streamline operations.

5. Adapting SKU Rationalization
As Japanese companies expand into the U.S., understanding regional market preferences is key to successful SKU rationalization. The U.S. market is diverse, with different tastes, purchasing behaviors, and product requirements across regions. A product that is popular in Japan may not have the same appeal as U.S. consumers, and if not managed carefully, this difference can lead to unnecessary SKU proliferation.

U.S. consumers may have different expectations in terms of product design, features, and packaging. Japanese companies must conduct thorough market research to understand regional preferences, such as color, size, or functionality, and adapt their product offerings accordingly. For example, products that work well in Japan may need modifications to meet U.S. consumer standards. The U.S. is vast, and consumer preferences can vary significantly from one region to another. A product that performs well on the West Coast might not see the same demand on the East Coast. Japanese companies must consider regional demand patterns to ensure they offer the right products in the appropriate regions. This helps minimize excess inventory and reduce supply chain complexity. The U.S. market is also highly competitive, with local and international brands vying for consumer attention. By analyzing competitors’ product offerings, Japanese companies can identify gaps in the market or areas for differentiation. SKU rationalization should involve a careful comparison of the company’s products against local competitors to ensure the product portfolio aligns with market needs while offering a unique value proposition.

Adapting SKU rationalization to U.S. market preferences ensures that Japanese companies can maintain a lean and relevant product portfolio, avoid overstocking unpopular products, and cater effectively to the diverse tastes of U.S. consumers.

Conclusion
For Japanese companies expanding into the U.S. market, SKU rationalization is essential for optimizing costs, improving operational efficiency, and maximizing profitability. However, navigating the complexities of U.S. manufacturing costs, labor dynamics, logistical challenges, and customer preferences requires a well-informed and strategic approach.

If you’re aiming to simplify your product offerings and ensure a successful expansion into the U.S. market, our team of experts is ready to assist. We specialize in creating customized SKU rationalization strategies, utilizing precise cost data, and optimizing your product portfolio to align with both U.S. market demands and your broader business goals. Reach out to us today to discover how we can help you make informed decisions that foster long-term growth and profitability in the U.S. market.

The information provided here is intended for informational purposes only and does not substitute for professional advice. Please refer to the terms of service for website usage.

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